I'm back
By Greg on Monday, November 17 2008, 22:30 - dev - Permalink
Et oui de retour après... longtemps. Plein de prévisions, quelques réflexions, plein de projets mais finalement peu de concret sur ce blog. Pourtant il s'est passé des choses depuis. Un nouveau design (quelques changements dans la css) pour changer et pour que vos ecrans consomment moins d'énergie. J'ai finalement mis django de côté, je suis de loin les évolutions qui touchent le projet et m'intéresse toujours aux questions techniques qui concernent le framework mais j'ai plutôt jeté mon dévolu sur des framework bases sur des langages fonctionnels comme haskell (HaPPS) ou scheme (PLT-Scheme Continue). Le distribué et notamment erlang et les framework Map/Reduce (Hadoop, Disco...) m'attirent également beaucoup. Mon intérêt se porte également sur la visualisation d'informations et l'intelligence artificielle (a un niveau basique).
Nouveau job : virtualisation, développement kernel / système et du python. J'ai pu redécouvrir le C++ avec un autre regard. Bien qu'il reste difficile d'avoir le même niveau d'abstraction que des langages comme haskell, ocaml ou scheme; c'est agréable d'avoir :
- un typage plus fort que le C,
- une utilisation la plus systèmatique possible de const (sur lequel g++-4.3 est assez rigoureux comparé a du C avec gcc-4.x)
- les references (pour éviter de passer des pointeurs non initialisés),
- les functions classes pour avoir un mécanisme plus sûr de pointeur sur fonction,
- les exceptions (avec la documentation des expressions susceptibles d'être levées par la fonction, dans son prototype i.e. int fonction(a, b, c) throw (runtime_error);
- les templates pour disposer de structures génériques (avec modération pour ne pas avoir un binaire trop avide de mémoire)
J'essaie de minimiser le recours a des libs externes, donc je n'utilise pas boost par exemple, même si elle apporte certains mécanismes assez pratique comme les fonctions anonymes (lambda), la composition de fonction, etc ... C'est un choix pour limiter les dépendances externes. Ca ne manque pas tant que ça au final. Dans les documents utiles, la page Bjarne Stroustrup (concepteur du langage), la FAQ Lite, un Technical Report on C++ Performance, un pdf d'Oleg (attention mine d'or !), et bien sûr le livre le Langage C++ de Bjarne Stroustrup.
Après avoir parlé de manière récurrente de langages fonctionnels (notamment haskell), pourquoi du C++ ? Essentiellement pour des raisons de performances (calculs et espace mémoire). Il y a peu d'abstractions car il s'agit essentiellement de programmation système avec beaucoup d'appels systèmes et probablement des parties qui seront réimplementées en module kernel (linux). Les structures de données restent simples.
Quand on pense C++, on pense programmation orientée objet. Rien ne l'impose bien sur ! Mais ça devient vite pratique d'utiliser une classe pour stocker les attributs et les fonctions (qui sont donc des méthodes) au même endroit. Un peu d'héritage, de polymorphisme et de surcharge d'opérateur et voila, sans faire dans le code objet académique, on va appeler ca de l'objet.
En parallèle je fais du Haskell, ce qui me permet de vraiment comprendre pourquoi l'accent est porte sur la séparation stricte entre les fonctions pures et celles effectuant des effets de bord. La plupart des bugs proviennent en effet, soit du manque de contraintes (qu'on peut exprimer a des guards en haskell), soit d'effets de bord mal controlés, autrement des variables inter-dépendates modifiées dans le mauvais ordre, ou encore des modifications inattendues.
Une petite note, le wiki est cassé pour le moment, j'ai fais quelques tests avec nginx (pour voir si je migrais tout dessus) et je n'ai pas encore pris le temps de le remettre bien comme il faut.
To be continued... (OProfile, haskell, HaPPS, epoll, scheme, SICP...),











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